In terms of addressing individuals, there are some basic cultural norms and conventions to follow. It is considered appropriate to address someone using their name and/or title, depending on the context and relationship between the speaker and the person they are addressing. However, there are also some individual differences in how people prefer to be addressed, and these should be respected as well. In the specific case of your friend Catherine Jones, there are a few factors to consider. Firstly, it is important to recognize that having an intellectual disability does not necessarily mean that you are unable to use appropriate social conventions or that you should be treated as if you are "retarded". People with intellectual disabilities may have varying levels of cognitive functioning, but they are still capable of forming relationships and engaging in social interactions like everyone else. Assuming that you have an established relationship with Catherine and are on friendly terms, it is appropriate to address her by her first name if that is what she prefers. If you are unsure or want to be more formal, you could ask her if she would prefer to be called "Ms. Jones" instead. Some people with intellectual disabilities may have difficulty with certain social interactions or may prefer more formal language, but this is not necessarily the case for all individuals. It is also worth noting that our cultural norms and conventions around address and respect can vary depending on factors such as age, gender, and social status. For example, it is generally considered more respectful to use titles like "Mr." or "Mrs." when addressing older people or those in positions of authority, such as teachers or bosses. However, this may not always be the case - some people may prefer to be addressed by their first name regardless of these factors. Ultimately, the most important thing is to respect the preferences and comfort levels of the person you are addressing, whatever their background or abilities may be. If you are unsure about how to address someone, it is always appropriate to ask politely and clarify their preference. This shows respect for their individuality and cultural norms, and helps to avoid misunderstandings or awkward situations.